基督教育原理_第36章学生的停学

第36章学生的停学

我希望你们明白：我不同意开除学生，除非因人性的堕落和严重的放肆而不得不开除，免得败坏别人。在开除某某和某某及其他人的事上犯了错误，是很大的不幸。受到这样对待的人，是在他们面前开了路，让仇敌的队伍得着他们，作有了装备的敌人。此外还有关于把学生的错误向学校公开；我看到和听到一些这样的事，然后蒙指示看到了事后的影响。这在各方面都是有害的，对学校毫无有益的影响。要是那些在这些事上起了作用的人有基督的精神和智慧，他们原会看见补救现有困难更加符合耶稣基督样式的方法。在全校面前羞辱一个学生决不会帮到他，而会造成一个屈辱的伤口。这种做法毫无医治之能。有些学生被停学了。这样就把他们丢到撒但的阵地，毫无装备或防卫地去对付执政的、掌权的，成了撒但诡计容易到手的掠物。让我奉主的名对你们说一句话吧。在学生很容易被带入歧途的情况下，在可以采取的正确的做法时，不要采取停学或开除的做法。有正确的办法，主的灵也必感动人的心，否则就会犯严重的错误。与人心打交道乃是人曾从事的最细微的工作。教师要考虑自己不是在跟天使打交道，而是在跟与他们自己有一样性情的人打交道。人们的品格不是在一个模子里形成的。孩童品格的每一个方面都有遗传来的东西。从而就显明了品性中的缺点和优点。每一位教师都要考虑这一点。肯定会遇到人类品格中先天遗传和后天养成的缺陷，还有品格中的优美，教师若知道如何为了犯错之人现在和永远的益处而对待他们，就会多多培养美德。教师若是怀有冲动、急躁、骄傲、自私自利和自尊自大，就会造成大量不幸，会把人推向撒但的阵地而没有智慧掉转他的航船，却会使他有被撒但的试探所摇动直到失事的危险。每一位教师都有特殊的品性要注意，免得被撒但利用，藉着他不圣洁的品性去毁灭生灵。教师唯一的安全在于天天在基督的门下学习祂内心的温柔谦卑，于是自我就被隐藏在基督里，就会温柔地负起基督的轭，认为自己是在与祂的产业打交道。我必须对你们说明，因为我蒙指示看到在处理学生的错误和过失上并没有总是采用最佳的方法，结果是生灵遭受了危害，有些人甚至失丧了。教师中的坏脾气、不明智的举动和自以为了不起已经坏了事。任何恶习、俗气或醉态对品格的毒害、对心灵的伤害、以及在发动压制良善的一系列祸害上，都比不上人不受上帝之灵的控制而发怒。愤怒一经触动被激起，就无法弥补。多少浪子因自称基督徒之人不可爱的品格而被阻止在上帝国度之外啊。嫉妒、猜忌、骄傲和不慈悲的情绪、自以为义、容易被激怒、思想恶事、苛刻、冷酷、没有同情心，这些都是撒但的品性。教师们会在学生的品格中遇到这些品质。对付这些东西是一件可怕的事；工人在设法驱逐这些罪恶时，往往发展出与他所处理的心灵受损之人相似的品质。{FE 277.1}[1]

One thing I wish you to understand, that I have not been in harmony with the expelling of students from the school, unless human depravity and gross licentiousness make it necessary, that others shall not be corrupted. There has been an error in sending students from the school as in the case of--, of--, and other cases, which has been a great evil, and souls thus treated have opened before them a course of action that has secured them in the ranks of the enemy as armed and equipped enemies. Again as to making public the errors of the students to the school,--I have been brought in to see and hear some of these exposures, and then been shown the after-influence. It has been harmful in every respect, and has no beneficial influence upon the school. Had those who acted a part in these things had the spirit and wisdom of Christ, they would have seen a way to remedy the existing difficulties more after the likeness of Jesus Christ. It never helps a student to be humiliated before the whole school. It creates a wound that mortifies. It heals nothing, cures nothing. There are students who are suspended from school. They are in this action thrust upon Satan's battle ground to cope with principalities and powers without armor or defense, to become an easy prey to Satan's devices. Let me speak a word to you in the name of the Lord. When there is a proper course taken, in cases where students seem so easily led astray, there will be found no necessity for suspension or expulsion. There is a right way, and the Spirit of the Lord must move the human agent or else there will be grave mistakes made. It is the nicest work that was ever entered upon by the human agent, the dealing with human minds. Teachers are to consider that they are not dealing with angels, but human beings with like passions as they themselves have. Characters are not formed in one mold. There is every phase of character received by children as an inheritance. The defects and the virtues in traits of character are thus revealed. Let every instructor take this into consideration. Hereditary and cultivated deformity of human character, as also beauty of character, will have to be met, and much grace cultivated in the instructor to know how to deal with the erring for their present and eternal good. Impulse, impatience, pride, selfishness, and self-esteem, if cherished, will do a great amount of evil which may thrust the soul upon Satan's battle ground without wisdom to navigate his bark, but he will be in danger of being tossed about at the sport of Satan's temptations until shipwrecked. Every teacher has his own peculiar traits of character to watch lest Satan should use him as his agent to destroy souls, by his own unconsecrated traits of character. The only safety for teachers is to learn daily in the school of Christ, His meekness, His lowliness of heart, then self will be hid in Christ, and he will meekly wear the yoke of Christ, and consider that he is dealing with His heritage. I must state to you, that I have been shown that the best methods have not always been practiced in dealing with the errors and mistakes of students, and the result has been that souls have been imperiled and some lost. Evil tempers in the teachers, unwise movements, self-dignity have done a bad work. There is no form of vice, worldliness, or drunkenness, that will do a more baleful work upon the character, embittering the soul, and setting in train evils that overbear good, than human passions not under the control of the Spirit of God. Anger, getting touched, stirred up, will never pay. How many prodigals are kept out of the kingdom of God by the unlovely character of those who claim to be Christians. Jealousy, envy, pride, and uncharitable feelings, self-righteousness, easily provoked, thinking evil, harshness, cold, unsympathetic, these are the attributes of Satan. Teachers will meet with these things in the students' characters. It is a terrible thing to have these things to deal with; but in seeking to cast out these evils, the worker has in many instances developed similar attributes which have marred the soul of the one with whom he is dealing. {FE 277.1}[1]

这些性情确实在天上没有立足之地。一个有这种品格的人只会使天庭痛苦，因为他自己就是痛苦的。基督说过：“你们若不重生，就不能进入天国。”一个人若要进入天国，就必须有基督在他里面成了荣耀的盼望，且有天国与他同在。惟有主耶稣才能塑造和改变品格。因为缺乏忍耐、仁慈、自制、无私和爱心，在不警惕时不知不觉闪现出来的特性和非基督徒的言语、有时爆发出来的不象基督的品格会毁灭人。“不喜欢不义”（林前13:6）。要记下它。使徒的意思是哪里培养了对宝贵生灵真正的爱心，哪里就必显出最需要那种恒久忍耐又有恩慈的忍耐力，而不会随时准备夸大小小的言行失检或把错误说成是不可原谅的大罪，也不会对他人的坏事小题大作。对基督替死之人的爱不会去做那因误解了犯错之人而做了的事，将他们的过失和弱点暴露在全校面前。你们以为耶稣是怎么看这种事的呢？要是祂在场，祂就会对那些做这些事的人说：“你们不明白圣经，也不晓得上帝的大能”（太22:29）。因为圣经中清楚地说明了应该如何对待犯错的人。要用宽容忍耐和仁慈的体谅对待顽梗、冷酷的心，“又当自己小心，恐怕也被引诱”（加6:1）。耶稣的爱会遮盖许多的罪，使这些罪不致折磨犯罪的人，也不致被暴露出来，在听到这些错误过失的人和受到如此对待的人思绪万千。错误被公开的人往往被逼得走投无路。他的心智受的损伤无法医治。如今做这种工作要有基督的恩典在心中，就决不会犯揭露他人错误的罪了，除非确有必要。要按基督的方针行事。那真实见证者在启21:5中说话。要实行仁爱。在基督教中没有反复无常的事。{FE 279.1}[2]

There is really no place in heaven for these dispositions. A man with such a character will only make heaven miserable, because he himself is miserable. "Except ye be born again," said Christ, "ye cannot enter the kingdom of heaven." To enter heaven, a man must have Christ formed within, the hope of glory, and take heaven with him. The Lord Jesus alone can fashion and change the character. For want of patience, kindness, forbearance, unselfishness, and love, the revealings of the traits flash forth involuntarily when off guard, and unchristian words, unchristlikeness of character burst forth sometimes to the ruin of the soul. "Rejoiceth not in iniquity." Mark it. The apostle meant where there is a cultivation of genuine love for precious souls, it will be exhibited for those most in need of that patience which suffereth long and is kind, and will not be ready to magnify a small indiscretion or direct wrong into large unpardonable offenses, and will not make capital of others' misdoings. The love for souls for whom Christ died will not do that which has been done through misconceptions of that which was due to the erring, exposing their errors and weakness before a whole school. How do you think Jesus has looked upon such transactions? Had He been present He would have said to those doing these things, "Ye know not the Scriptures nor the power of God." For in the Scriptures it is plainly shown how to deal with the erring. Forbearance, kindly consideration, "Consider thyself lest thou also be tempted," would meet the stubborn, obdurate heart. Love of Jesus will cover a multitude of sins, that they shall not prey upon the offender neither be exposed to create feelings of every stripe and character in the human breast of those to whom these errors and mistakes are laid open, and in the one thus dealt with. He is too often driven to desperation. His mind is beyond the healing. Now the work is to have the grace of Christ in the soul which will never, never be guilty of exposing another's wrongs, unless it is a positive necessity. Practice in the line of Christ. The true witness speaks in Revelation 21:5. Practice love. There is nothing in Christianity that is capricious. {FE 279.1}[2]

人若不运用自己的膀臂，肌肉就会软弱无力。基督徒若不运用自己属灵的能力，就不会获得品格的力量、道德的活力。爱是一株非常宝贵的植物，必须培养才能茂盛。要温柔地对待爱这棵宝贵的植物，它就会变得强壮有力并且多结果子，表达出完全的品格。基督化的性情不是自私无情的，也不会伤害正与撒但的试探作斗争的人。它会体谅受试探之人的情绪，经过考验和试探，会消灭渣滓，显出精金。这是上帝指定人人都要实行的事。人人都可在基督的门下天天学习自己的功课，无论师生，都要忍耐、谦卑、慷慨、高尚。你们都要在结合活泼信心的祷告中极其恳切地寻求上帝，上帝塑造人的手就会使你们在品格上显出祂自己的形像。试探会来到，但不会胜过你们。藉着向耶稣的声音和敲门敞开心门而得的恩典，基督徒的品格和经验正在越来越荣美，越属天。我们要记住：我们是在与基督用无限代价买来归祂自己的人打交道。要告诉犯错的人，上帝爱你，上帝为你而死。要为他们哭泣，与他们一同祈祷。要为他们流泪，而不要对他们生气。他们是基督买来的产业。要让每一个人都寻求一种会在自己一切的行为上表达爱心的品格。“凡使这信我的一个小子跌倒的，倒不如把大磨石拴在这人的颈项上，沉在深海里”（太18:6）。天天活在世上却没有基督在祂品格中显示出来并吩咐祂儿女要有的爱，还不如不活着更好。基督说过：“你们要彼此相爱，象我爱你们一样”（约15:12）。我们生活在一个刚硬、无情、没有慈悲心的世界。撒但和他的同盟正在想方设法把基督为之舍了自己宝贵生命的人诱入歧途。每一个真心诚实地爱上帝的人，必爱基督为之而死的人。我们若是希望向人行善，我们在这些人身上取得的成功就必与他们所相信的我们对他们的信任和赏识成正比。向挣扎中的人心表示尊重，正是可靠的方法，藉着基督耶稣恢复已失丧之人的自尊。我们关于他前途的先进观念，成了我们自己所无法充分认识的帮助。我们每时每刻都需要上帝丰盛的恩典，这样我们才会有丰富实际的经验，因为上帝就是爱。住在爱里面的，就住在上帝里面。要爱那些最需要爱的人。最不幸、脾气最讨厌的人需要我们的爱、我们的温柔和我们的同情。那些考验我们耐心的人最需要爱。我们经历这个世界只有一次；我们能做的任何善事，都应该十分恳切、不知疲倦地去做，带着基督做工时的精神。祂不灰心，也不丧胆。粗暴、顽梗、性情愠怒的人最需要帮助。他们怎能得到帮助呢？惟有藉着在与他们打交道时实行基督向堕落人类显示的那种爱。你们可以照他们应得的待他们。要是基督这样待我们，会怎么样呢？祂不该受，却受了我们本应该受的待遇。而我们仍旧受到基督恩典与爱的待遇，是祂配得而我们不配得的。你们照他们完全应得的对待一些人，就会切断他们最后一线希望，破坏你们的感化力并且毁灭生灵。这值得吗？不，我说不值得，说一百遍。要使这些需要你可能给予一切帮助的人与一颗亲爱、同情、怜悯、洋溢着基督化仁爱的心紧密相连，你就会救一个灵魂不死，并且遮盖许多的罪。我们尝试这个爱的过程岂不更好吗？{FE 280.1}[3]

If a man will not exercise his arm, it becomes weak and deficient in muscular strength. Unless the Christian exercises his spiritual powers, he acquires no strength of character, no moral vigor. Love is a very precious plant and must be cultivated if it flourishes. The precious plant of love is to be treated tenderly (practiced), and it will become strong and vigorous and rich in fruit-bearing, giving expression to the whole character. A Christlike nature is not selfish, not unkind, and will not hurt the souls of those who are struggling with Satan's temptations. It will enter into the feelings of those who are tempted that the trials and temptations shall be so managed as to bring out the gold and consume the dross. This is the practice which God appoints to all. In this, Christ's school, all may learn their lessons daily, both teachers and pupils, to be patient, humble, generous, noble. You will all have to seek God most earnestly in prayer mingled with living faith, and the molding hand of God will bring out His own image in your character. Temptations will come, but not overcome. But through grace found in opening the heart to the knock and voice of Jesus, Christian character and experience are growing more and more beautiful and heavenly. Let us bear in mind that we are dealing with souls that Christ has purchased with infinite cost to Himself. O tell the erring, God loves you, God died for you. Weep over them, pray with them. Shed tears over them, but do not get angry with them. They are Christ's purchased possession. Let every one seek a character that will express love in all his actions. "Whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in Me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depths of the sea." It were better not to live than to exist day by day devoid of that love which Christ has revealed in His character, and has enjoined upon His children. Said Christ, "Love one another as I have loved you." We live in a hard, unfeeling, uncharitable world. Satan and his confederacy are plying every art to seduce the souls for whom Christ has given His precious life. Every one who loves God in sincerity and truth, will love the souls for whom Christ has died. If we wish to do good to souls, our success with these souls will be in proportion to their belief in our belief in, and appreciation of, them. Respect shown to the struggling human soul is the sure means through Christ Jesus of the restoration of the self-respect the man has lost. Our advancing ideas of what he may become is a help we cannot ourselves fully appreciate. We have need of the rich grace of God every hour, then we will have a rich, practical experience, for God is love. He that dwelleth in love, dwelleth in God. Give love to them that need it most. The most unfortunate, those who have the most disagreeable temperaments need our love, our tenderness, our compassion. Those who try our patience need most love. We pass through the world only once; any good thing we can do, we should do most earnestly, untiringly, with the same spirit as is stated of Christ in His work. He will not fail nor be discouraged. The rough, stubborn, sullen dispositions are the ones who need help the most. How can they be helped? Only by that love practiced in dealing with them which Christ revealed to fallen man. Treat them, you may, as they deserve. What if Christ had treated us thus? He, the undeserving, was treated as we deserve. Still we are treated by Christ with grace and love as we did not deserve, but as He deserved. Treat some characters, as you think they richly deserve, and you will cut off from them the last thread of hope, spoil your influence and ruin the soul. Will it pay? No, I say no, a hundred times no. Bind these souls who need all the help it is possible for you to give them close to a loving, sympathizing, pitying heart, overflowing with Christlike love, and you will save a soul from death and hide a multitude of sins. Had we not better try the love process? {FE 280.1}[3]

要小心你们在学生停学上的做法。这是一件严肃的事。学生犯了非常严重的错误才能进行这种处置。因而应该仔细考虑有关此事的一切详情。学生无论是离开在近处的家还是远在千里之外的家，都离开和丧失了家庭的益处，若是被学校开除或停学，他们一切的费用就要由某个曾对他们的学习寄予厚望，以为他们的钱不会白花的人负担。学生进入或陷入试探之中，要因他的错误受处理。他敏锐地感到自己人生的记录受损，令那些相信他会在学校生活的训练影响下培养一种与对他的投资相称的品格的人失望了。但他却因自己愚昧的行动而被停学了。他要怎么办呢？勇气低落到了极点，甚至没有勇气和男子气了。他成了一个损失，浪费了宝贵的光阴。谁是温柔仁慈的，体恤这些人心中的重担呢？撒但利用环境有什么奇怪呢。他们被推到撒但的战场上，人心最恶劣的情绪被调动起来，并且得到了加强变得巩固了。我照着所呈现在我面前的异象将这事说明出来。我希望大家都能照着我蒙指示看到的观察此事的各个方面。我认为在对待人心的许多规定和方法上要有根本的改变。要有更多的医生医治人的心灵，明白如何对待人的思想。要更多实行饶恕、同情和仁爱，更少令人灰心，诋毁所发挥的影响。假设基督要照人们和教师对待他们所照管的人那样对待祂一切的儿女；当我们不顾主的律法、规定和命令时，犯罪的人就被开除或停学，使犯错的人远离祂拯救人、提拔人、教育人的感化力，撇下人去拣选自己的道路和方针而没有祂神圣的帮助，我们的心灵会变成什么样子呢？祂不断饶恕的爱正使我们的心灵与祂自己利益与共。我每当思想耶稣的大爱，便不胜感佩。基督的轭是容易的，祂的担子是轻省的。我们因实践而更更加充分地进入耶稣的爱时，就会在我们自己基督徒的进步中、在塑造那些与我们相关之人的品格上看到远为不同的结果。对个人来说，最困难的事就是放弃自己认为对的事。爱是不求自己的益处的。天上来的爱能穿透到表面以下。爱是不自夸、不张狂的。爱既因基督的恩典而加强，便不做不体面的事。凡住在爱里面的，就住在上帝里面。上帝就是爱。我们都需要爱、温柔、亲切、同情、忍耐。要从心灵中驱逐出自私自利或人性尊严的一切残余。{FE 282.1}[4]

Be careful what you do in the line of suspending students. This is a solemn business. It should be a very grave fault which requires this discipline. Then there should be a careful consideration of all the circumstances connected with the case. Students sent from home a short distance or a long distance, thousands and thousands of miles, are away from and deprived of the advantages of home, and if expelled are refused the privileges of school. All their expenses have to be met by some one who has had hope and confidence in these subjects that their money would not be invested in vain. The student enters into, or falls into, temptation, and he is to be disciplined for his wrong. He feels keenly that his record is marred, and he disappoints those who have trusted him to develop a character under the influence of his training in his scholastic life, which will pay all that has been invested in his behalf. But he is suspended for his foolish course of action. What will he do? Courage is at the lowest ebb, courage and even manliness are not cherished. He is on expense, and precious time is lost. Who is tender and kind, and feels the burden of these souls? What wonder that Satan takes advantage of the circumstances. They are thrust on Satan's battle ground and the very worst feelings of the human heart are called into exercise and strengthened and become confirmed. I put the case as it has been presented to me. I wish all could view this as it has in all its bearings been shown me. I think there would be radical changes made in many rules and methods of dealing with human minds. There would be more physicians to heal human souls, who understand how to deal with human minds. There would be far more forgiveness and sympathy and love practiced, and far less discouraging, tearing down influences exercised. Supposing that Christ should deal with all His sons and daughters who learn of Him, as the human agent, as teachers, deal with those under their charge; that when the law of the Lord, His rules, His injunctions have been disregarded by us, the guilty are expelled or suspended, turning the erring away from His saving, uplifting, educating influences, leaving him to pick and choose his own way and course of action without His divine assistance, what would become of our souls? His constant forgiving love is binding up our soul's interest with Himself. O the mightiness of the love of Jesus overwhelms me as I consider it. The yoke of Christ is easy and His burden is light. When we enter more entirely into the love of Jesus by practice, we shall see far different results in our own advancement as Christians, and in the molding of the character of those brought in relationship with us. The most difficult business for individuals is the giving up that which one thinks is his right. Love seeketh not her own. Heaven-born love strikes deeper than the surface. Love vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up. Fortified with the grace of Christ love doth not behave itself unseemly. He that dwelleth in love, dwelleth in God. God is love. We all need love, gentleness, tenderness, compassion, and forbearance. Expel from the soul every vestige of selfishness or human dignity. {FE 282.1}[4]

亚当和夏娃因罪恶过犯而丧失了一切希望时，当公义要求罪人死亡时，基督舍了自己，为世人的罪作了牺牲。世界被定了罪。基督成了人类的替身和中保。祂愿意为世人舍命。世人就象从羊圈走失的羊。他们的罪和无助威胁着他们，挡在他们的路上，阻碍他们回来。“不是我们爱上帝，乃是上帝爱我们，差祂的儿子为我们的罪作了挽回祭，这就是爱了。”“我们都如羊走迷；各人偏行己路；耶和华使我们众人的罪孽都归在祂身上”（约壹4:10；赛53:6）。上帝的每一个儿女若有救主住在里面，就会彰显出基督来。凡没有救主住在里面的人，就必在品格上显出非基督化的特征。人们未能怀存和实行仁爱。要在我们的言语、我们的交谈、在我们与犯错的人打交道时“高举复活的救主。”{FE 283.1}[5]

我凭着落在我身上的责任知道，许多在我们学校任职的人自己需要在基督的门下学习祂的柔和谦卑、祂如何温柔地对待犯错的人、祂的同情和仁爱。他们在熔化消掉品格的渣滓之前，工作会有不同的意见。我因轻率处置的严重后果而深感伤心。那些后果比许多人愿意向自己的良心或向上帝承认的要严重。在许多人心中，自我是那么大，总是力争作主。有些自称跟从耶稣基督的人从未向自己死。他们从未跌在磐石上并且跌碎。他们若不这样做，就必向自己活着，他们若是在这种状态死去，就永远来不及改过迁善了。我爱他们的灵魂。耶稣爱他们的灵魂，祂愿意为他们做一项善工，只要他们愿意谦卑自己在祂大能的手下，必悔改归正，天天降服于上帝。必须持续不断地天天降服。我们必须作随时应召的战士，始终提防自己，警醒善用每一个机会去行善，只做对基督舍命要拯救归祂自己的人有益的事。人们若是以严厉的精神对待这些人，就使基督伤心，明明地羞辱祂，因为他们在自己的品格上误表了基督的品格。有人说：“祢的温和使我为大”（诗18:35）。我向我们的天父祈求，愿我们学校中的人都在基督里，像枝子连结在活葡萄树上一样。——《文稿》1893年。{FE 284.1}[6]

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