属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
第18章 逾越节
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
Chap. 18—The Passover
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
于是主给了摩西特别的指示，要他传给以色列人，说明他们必须做什么才能保护自己和家人免遭即将降在埃及人身上的灾殃。摩西还就他们离开埃及传达了指示。他对他们讲了上帝的命令，要杀一只没有残疾的羊羔，并把羔羊的血涂在自家房屋左右的门框上和门楣上。这要在外面作记号，同时他们要在里面吃羊羔的肉，要整只烤了，与苦菜同吃，上帝的使者要经过埃及遍地行可怕的工作，击杀人和牲畜头生的。“你们吃羊羔当腰间束带，脚上穿鞋，手中拿杖，赶紧地吃；这是耶和华的逾越节。因为那夜我要巡行埃及地，把埃及地一切头生的，无论是人是牲畜，都击杀了，又要败坏埃及一切的神。我是耶和华。这血要在你们所住的房屋上作记号；我一见这血，就越过你们去。我击杀埃及地头生的时候，灾殃必不临到你们身上灭你们。你们要记念这日，守为耶和华的节，作为你们世世代代永远的定例”（出12:11-14）。{3SG 222.2}[1]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
The Lord then gave Moses special directions, to give to the children of Israel, in regard to what they must do to preserve themselves and their families from the fearful?plague that he was about to send upon Egypt. Moses was also to give them instructions in regard to their leaving Egypt. He related to them the command of God to slay a lamb without blemish, and take the blood of the lamb and strike it upon the door-posts, and also upon the upper door-posts of their houses. And while this token should be without for a sign, and they should be eating the lamb, roasted whole, with bitter herbs, within, the angel of God would be passing through the land of Egypt doing his dreadful work, slaying the first-born of man and the first-born of beast. “And thus shall ye eat it, with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste. It is the Lord’s passover. For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment. I am the Lord. And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt. And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall keep it a feast to the Lord throughout your generations. Ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance forever.”{3SG 222.2}[1]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
这里有要求以色列人做的一件事，是他们必须做的，好藉他们的行为验证他们，显明他们对上帝一直在为他们实现大拯救的信心。为了避开上帝即将降给埃及人的大报应，以色列人的房屋上必须有血的记号。他们受命要使自己和儿女与埃及人分开，把儿女聚集在自己家里，因为若有以色列人被发现在埃及人家里，他们就会倒在灭命的天使手下。他们还蒙指示要守逾越节为永远的定例，当他们的儿女询问这节是什么意思时，他们就要向儿女讲述他们在埃及奇妙保命的事。就是当灭命的天使那天晚上来击杀人和兽头生的时，他越过了他们的房子，凡在自家的门框上涂有血的记号的人希伯来人没有一个被击杀。人们便低头敬拜主，感谢主赐下这个非凡的纪念仪式让他们遵守好使儿女纪念上帝对他们的关爱。许多埃及人因看见上帝在埃及所行的神迹奇事，就承认希伯来的上帝为独一的真神。在天使要击杀埃及所有头生的那一夜，他们恳求允许让他们全家进入以色列的家庭中。他们确信他们过去所拜的神没有知觉，也没有拯救和毁灭的能力。他们保证从今以后选择以色列的上帝为他们的上帝。他们决定离开埃及，与以色列民一同去敬拜上帝。以色列人欢迎这些相信的埃及人进入他们的家。{3SG 223.1}[2]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
Here was a work required of the children of Israel, which they must perform on their part, to prove them and to show their faith by?their works in the great deliverance God had been bringing about for them. In order to escape the great judgment of God which he was to bring upon the Egyptians, the token of blood must be seen upon their houses. And they were required to separate themselves and their children from the Egyptians, and gather them into their own houses, for if any of the Israelites were found in the houses of the Egyptians, they would fall by the hand of the destroying angel. They were also directed to keep the feast of the passover for an ordinance, that when their children should inquire what such service meant, they should relate to them their wonderful preservation in Egypt. That when the destroying angel went forth in the night to slay the first-born of man, and the first-born of beast, he passed over their houses, and not one of the Hebrews was slain that had the token of blood upon their door-posts. And the people bowed their heads and worshiped, grateful for this remarkable memorial given to preserve to their children the remembrance of God’s care for his people. There was quite a number of the Egyptians who were led to acknowledge, by the manifestations of the signs and wonders shown in Egypt, that the God of the Hebrews was the only true God. They entreated to be permitted to come to the houses of the Israelites with their families, upon that fearful night when the angel of God should slay the first-born of the Egyptians. They were convinced that their gods whom?they had worshiped were without knowledge, and had no power to save or to destroy. And they pledged themselves to henceforth choose the God of Israel as their God. They decided to leave Egypt, and go with the children of Israel to worship their God. The Israelites welcomed the believing Egyptians to their houses.{3SG 223.1}[2]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
逾越节不但指明以前上帝拯救以色列人脱离埃及，也预指上帝的羔羊基督为救赎堕落的人类而被杀。涂在门框上的血预表基督赎罪的血，也预表罪人不断倚靠那血的功劳才能安全地脱离撒但的权势并最终得到救赎。基督在受难前曾与门徒一同吃逾越节的晚餐，并在那天晚上设立了圣餐礼，要人遵守来纪念祂的死。遵守逾越节是为了纪念以色列人得救脱离埃及。它既有纪念意义也有预表意义。当上帝没有瑕疵的羔羊基督死在十字架上时，预表就遇到了实体。祂留下了一个圣礼来纪念祂被钉的事。{3SG 225.1}[3]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
The passover pointed backward to the deliverance of the children of Israel, and was also typical, pointing forward to Christ, the Lamb of God, slain for the redemption of fallen man. The blood sprinkled upon the door-posts pre-figured the atoning blood of Christ, and also the continual dependence of sinful man upon the merits of that blood for safety from the power of Satan, and for final redemption. Christ ate the passover supper with his disciples just before his crucifixion, and the same night instituted the ordinance of the Lord’s supper, to be observed in commemoration of his death. The passover had been observed to commemorate the deliverance of the children of Israel from Egypt. It had been both commemorative and typical. The type had reached the antitype when Christ, the Lamb of God without blemish, died upon the cross. He left an ordinance to commemorate the events of his crucifixion.{3SG 225.1}[3]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
基督曾与门徒一起吃逾越节的晚餐，那时祂从餐桌旁站起来对他们说：“我很愿意在受害以先和你们吃这逾越节的筵席”（路22:15）。祂也在那时屈尊地给门徒洗了脚。基督把洗脚礼赐给门徒，是要他们学习谦卑的功课。祂把这个礼节与圣餐礼连在一起。祂计划使这个礼节成为自省的时节，好使祂的信徒有机会熟悉他们自己内心对上帝和对彼此的真实感情。他们心中若存有骄傲，心地诚实而犯错的人在从事这个谦卑的职责时就会多么快地发觉出来呀。他们彼此之间若存有自私或憎恨，在做这件谦卑的事时也更容易发觉出来。设计这个礼节原是要导致大家彼此认罪，增强彼此包容的情怀，原谅彼此的错误，真实地彼此相爱，准备好参加纪念基督的受难和受死的严肃的圣餐礼。祂爱自己的门徒爱到为他们死。祂劝他们要彼此相爱，象祂爱了他们一样。祂赐下给门徒洗脚的榜样是为了凡要相信祂之人的益处。祂要求他们效法祂的榜样。这个谦卑的礼节不仅是要试验他们的谦卑和忠诚，而且要让他们念念不忘：祂的子民得救赎所基于的条件乃是他们的谦卑和不断的顺从。“耶稣洗完了他们的脚，就穿上衣服，又坐下，对他们说：‘我向你们所做的，你们明白吗？你们称呼我夫子，称呼我主，你们说的不错，我本来是。我是你们的主，你们的夫子，尚且洗你们的脚，你们也当彼此洗脚。我给你们作了榜样，叫你们照着我向你们所做的去做。我实实在在的告诉你们，仆人不能大于主人，差人也不能大于差他的人。你们既知道这事，若是去行就有福了’”（约13:10-14）。{3SG 225.2}[4]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
Christ ate the passover supper with his disciples, then arose from the table and said unto them, “With desire have I desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer.” He?then performed the humiliating office of washing the feet of his disciples. Christ gave his disciples the ordinance of washing feet for them to practice, which would learn them lessons of humility. He connected this ordinance with the supper. He designed that this should be a season of self-examination, that his followers might have an opportunity to become acquainted with the true feelings of their own hearts toward God and one another. If pride existed in their hearts, how soon would it be discovered to the honest, erring ones, as they should engage in this humble duty. If selfishness or hatred to one another should exist, it is more readily discovered as they engage in this humble work. This ordinance was designed to result in mutual confessions to one another, and to increase feelings of forbearance, forgiveness of each other’s errors, and true love, preparatory to engaging in the solemn ordinance of commemorating the sufferings and death of Christ. He loved his disciples well enough to die for them. He exhorted them to love one another, as he had loved them. The example of washing the feet of his disciples was given for the benefit of all who should believe in him. He required them to follow his example. This humble ordinance was not only designed to test their humility and faithfulness, but to keep fresh in their remembrance, that the redemption of his people was purchased upon conditions of humility and continual obedience upon their part. “So,after he had washed their feet, and had taken his garments, and was set down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you? Ye call me Master and Lord, and ye say well; for so I am. If I then, your Lord and Master, have washed your feet, ye also ought to wash one another’s feet. For I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you. Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him. If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them,“{3SG 225.2}[4]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
然后耶稣重新在餐桌旁就座，桌上摆着未发酵的葡萄汁，是依照基督的指示安排的。祂显得极其忧伤。祂“又拿起饼来，祝谢了，就擘开，递给他们，说：‘这是我的身体，为你们舍的，你们也应当如此行，为的是记念我。’饭后也照样拿起杯来，说：‘这杯是用我血所立的新约，是为你们流出来的。’”“我实在告诉你们，我不再喝这葡萄汁，直到我在上帝的国里喝新的那日子”（路22:19,20；可14:25）。{3SG 227.1}[5]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
Jesus then took his place again at the table, whereon were placed bread and unfermented wine, which arrangements had been made according to Christ’s directions. He appeared very sorrowful. “And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body, which is given for you. This do in remembrance of me. Likewise, also, the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the New Testament in my blood, which is shed for you. Verily, I say unto you, I will drink no more of the fruit of the vine until that day that I drink it new in the kingdom of God.”{3SG 227.1}[5]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
我们的救主在这里设立了圣餐礼，要常常举行，好使门徒念念不忘祂为世人的罪而被卖被钉的严肃场景。祂希望跟随祂的人认识到：他们不断依靠祂的血才能得救。掰开的饼象征基督破碎的身体，赐下来为要叫世人得救的。葡萄汁象征祂的血，流出来为要洁净凡来到祂面前求赦免并接受祂为个人救主之人的罪。{3SG 227.2}[6]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
Here our Saviour instituted the Lord’s supper, to be often celebrated, to keep fresh in the memory of his followers the solemn scenes of his betrayal and crucifixion for the sins of the world. He would have his followers realize their continual dependence upon his blood?for salvation. The broken bread was a symbol of Christ’s broken body, given for the salvation of the world. The wine was a symbol of his blood, shed for the cleansing of the sins of all those who should come unto him for pardon, and receive him as their Saviour.{3SG 227.2}[6]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
人得救在于不断地用基督的宝血洁净他们的心。所以圣餐不要偶然举行或一年一次，而要比每年一次的逾越节举行得更多。这个严肃的礼节所纪念的事件要远比拯救以色列民出埃及重要。那一次拯救乃是预表基督藉着舍命最后拯救祂的子民所成就的伟大救赎。{3SG 228.1}[7]
属灵的恩赐-卷三-第19章
The salvation of men depends upon a continual application to their hearts of the cleansing blood of Christ. Therefore, the Lord’s supper was not to be observed only occasionally or yearly, but more frequently than the annual passover. This solemn ordinance commemorates a far greater event than the deliverance of the children of Israel from Egypt. That deliverance was typical of the great atonement which Christ made by the sacrifice of his own life for the final deliverance of his people.{3SG 228.1}[7]
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